Thursday, 20th November (Cambridge)

1. The first of two events next Thursday, 27th November, with an early 08:00 UK time start for this one from LanguageCert, Creating Spaces for Conversation with Anna Hasper & Kieran Donaghy who “will share practical frameworks and strategies for creating caring classrooms and integrating multimodal approaches that mirror the realities of today’s learners”. https://www.languagecert.org/en/about-us/events/2025/voices-in-education-teacher-edition-event-2025

2. Elements in Research Methods in Education from Cambridge University Press is at 13:00 UK time next Thursday https://cambridge-org.zoom.us/webinar/register/2517628788668/WN_wadYrSq6TrSYlx9hN0fq1w#/registration

Sal Consoli & Samantha Curle will celebrate the inaugural volume in the series ‘Elements in Research Methods in Education’ series and interview the author of How to Use Generative AI in Educational Research, Dr Jasper Roe, to explore why he chose this specific topic, the writing process behind this book, and how he hopes it will influence educational researchers and practitioners. Whether you’re an early-career scholar or an established researcher looking to author your own Element in Research Methods for Education, you’ll find insights, a dash of inspiration and some practical advice.

3. Here’s a recently published White Paper from Sage by Tom Chatfield, AI and the Future of Pedagogy https://www.sagepub.com/explore-our-content/white-papers/2025/11/03/ai-and-the-future-of-pedagogy PDF below

This paper explores how education can respond wisely and imaginatively to the rise of AI in general, and generative AI in particular. Its recommendations are rooted in two principles: a) innovation must draw on what we know about how humans learn; b) AI’s power must not be allowed to hollow out the very skills required to navigate an AI age successfully. The tension at the heart of the second principle bears spelling out. Within the space of a few years, it has become possible to simulate knowledge and understanding of almost any topic while possessing neither. Freely available tools can be used to complete conventional assignments and assessments with ease, in the process potentially preventing students from gaining the very skills required to use AI adeptly: critical discernment, domain expertise, research and verification, analytical reasoning.

4. A wonderful teaser for her new (not yet written) novel by Elif Shafak on her blog, Unmapped Storylands, If You Ever Meet A Literary Ghost https://elifshafak.substack.com/p/if-you-ever-meet-a-literary-ghost

I knew then that I should have stayed. I should have talked to him. Fear does strange things to us, I wish I could have the courage to overcome my fear because, you see, he was someone I have always loved. Since then I have been reading and rereading everything about him—his letters, his novels, his travel notes….

Who do you think the ghost she saw was?

5. And, finally, Alexander Pushkin’s ‘The Coffin-Maker’ https://americanliterature.com/author/alexsander-pushkin/short-story/the-coffin-maker

Plus, Pushkin’s Wikipedia page https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Pushkin

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Tuesday, 18th November (Richmond)

1. The Cambridge Dictionary ‘word of the year’ is one I’ve never heard or read or used https://www.cam.ac.uk/news/cambridge-dictionary-reveals-word-of-the-year-2025 Should I be worried, I wonder?

2. The Flipping Book Club “is free and is intended for those who wish to practice their English with L2 English speakers, joining in discussions about texts from writers from diverse countries and cultures”. More info and registration here https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScI7mVwLihLor6U7VSEL_GjiW_7QyYhRFQB3eImZ3zd7UlnWQ/viewform

Sounds like a very good idea. It’s being facilitated by a NILE colleague, Chris Rose, whose latest novel We Live Here Now has been very well received, including by the books team at The Telegraph https://www.telegraph.co.uk/gift/a5fa71658a5d1dd1 (Scroll down through the fiction section: Chris writes as C D Rose.)

3. The open-access ELT Classroom Research Journal aims to “publish teachers’ classroom research, but also, and perhaps more importantly, our aim to mentor teacher-researchers” https://eltcrj.com/ The latest (November 2025) issue includes articles supported and developed in three different ways:

mentorship on campus (Abu-Naji & Nassar)

mentorship through a dedicated mentoring support group (all three book reviews came through our MenTRnet partnership)

mentoring both before submission and during the publication process, by editors and/or by Mentor-Referees (the three papers from Cameroon).

You’ll find it here https://eltcrj.com/v2-i2-full/ PDF below.

4. And here’s the complementary Warwick University web archive on Mentor Development for Exploratory Action Research (EAR) https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/al/research/mdear It includes a video interview with the fairy godmother of EAR, Richard Smith – I was going to call him the godfather but I suspect he might not like that https://youtu.be/CAOaodHCscI – and lots more besides.

5. I stumbled across Liam Shields from Manchester University’s advice on How to Answer Essay and Exam Questions the other dayhttps://liamshields.com/teaching-and-study-materials/ (Love his site’s author-stuffing-face photos!)

A Good Introduction

•            State the answer you will give up-front. This is not a murder mystery novel!

•            Give an unequivocal answer. Do not simply list objections or conclude “maybe, maybe not”

•            Make it clear what steps you will take to establish your conclusion.

•            Explain why these steps will establish your conclusion

By stating your answer and plan early on you make it easy for the examiner to follow your argument.

It is fine to start the essay with “In this essay I will argue that…”

Think of your introduction as a promise to the examiner about what to expect. Then all you have to do is keep that promise. This will help you to avoid digression and irrelevancies later on.

Plus, a more famous example, Winston Churchill’s ‘Brevity’ memo of August 9th 1940 https://policymemos.hks.harvard.edu/sites/g/files/omnuum8096/files/policymemos/files/churchill_memo_on_brevity.pdf

PDFs of both pieces below.

5. And, finally and crunchily, from Katja Hoyer, An Acquired Taste: Germany’s Favourite Crisps … and how their story begins in Ireland https://www.katjahoyer.uk/p/an-acquired-taste-germanys-favourite I had no idea that flavoured crisps were invented in Ireland.

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Thursday, 13th November (Cambridge)

Blog version: https://roycross.blog/

1. Here’s the second pair of Cambridge Elements that I promised on Tuesday:

 Harriet Jacobs by Alan M. S. J. Coffee https://www.cambridge.org/core/elements/harriet-jacobs/36A28B248321946C492A2BBF3EC86268 (PDF below.)

Long celebrated for her heroic feat of endurance in escaping slavery and subsequent activism, Harriet Jacobs was also an astute political thinker. Her book, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl is a remarkable philosophical text. It is one of the most insightful reflections, both on the nature of life as a slave, and on the relationships amongst slaves and between enslaved and free people.

Cognition and Conspiracy Theories by Andreas Musolff  https://www.cambridge.org/core/elements/cognition-and-conspiracytheories/C0B84AB1F850EEF2769D680EC7BEFEFE (PDF below.)

Conspiracy theories, or “CTs” for short, have a bad reputation – and a great appeal. Together with “fake news,” they can have detrimental effects on the public’s understanding of political issues, leading to confusion and delusions about important topics, especially crises and their possible solutions. On the other hand, many, if not most, people across ideological and cultural divides seem to enjoy accessing and “entertaining” CTs. This observation cannot come as a surprise, however, if we remind ourselves that much of entertainment fiction, from fairy tales to popular novel and film genres, is based on plots that include conspiracies and theories about them.

2. Next Tuesday, 18th October, at 12:00 UK time, Anamaria Pinter & Helen Sherwin are presenting a TeachingEnglish webinar on Bringing today’s world into the classroom which aims “to explore gaming-informed ways to make classrooms more engaging, collaborative, and relevant to learners’ real-world experiences”. More info and pre-webinar reading and task here https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/news-and-events/webinars/webinars-teacher-educator/bringing-todays-world-classroom There’s also a recording of Gilly Salmon’s webinar last month on Becoming an e-moderator: Skills for the future https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/news-and-events/webinars/webinars-teacher-educator/becoming-e-moderator-skills-future

3. Here’s the latest Engelsberg Ideas (EI) podcast, Andrew Ross Sorkin on lessons from the Wall Street Crash in which Sorkin discusses his new book, ‘1929: The Inside Story of The Greatest Crash in Wall Street History’, with EI’s Iain Martinhttps://engelsbergideas.com/podcast/ei-talks/andrew-ross-sorkin-on-lessons-from-the-wall-street-crash/

4. Very timely, given I’m listening to Andrew Graham-Dixon’s life of Vermeer at present, Tiffany Jenkins’s latest post on her Strangers and Intimates Substack, Lice combs, vaginal syringes and cesspits: at home in 17th century Holland https://substack.com/home/post/p-178402081

This is how Amsterdam’s Rijksmuseum has chosen to answer one of its most frequently asked questions: what was daily life really like in the age of Rembrandt and Vermeer? Rather than mounting the usual parade of paintings and fine furniture, curators from different fields – decorative arts, textiles, jewellery – have joined forces with an archaeologist and an anthropologist. Together, in the exhibition At Home in the 17th Century, they have reconstructed a day in Dutch domestic life.

5. And, finally, many people have suggested that the BBC’s response to President Trump’s threat to sue should follow the precedent set by Arkell v Pressdram [1971] https://proftomcrick.com/2014/04/29/arkell-v-pressdram-1971/

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Tuesday, 11th November (Richmond)

1. The Cambridge Elements series is a treasure trove. Here’s two (very different) Elements that are currently available to download free (and I’ll post two more on Thursday):

Language, Gender and Pregnancy Loss by Beth Malory (PDF below.) https://www.cambridge.org/core/elements/language-gender-and-pregnancy-loss/255AC3C75D78AD4783578BAED4CF1537

‘Miscarriage to me implies that you did something wrong, that you mis-carried your baby.’ – focus group participant, May 2024

This Element explores the gendered dimensions and impacts of the ways in which language is used to describe, define, and diagnose pregnancy loss, and how such language shapes experiences of receiving and delivering care during and after pregnancy loss in a contemporary UK context.

Things of the Past: A Modern Yearning by Kasper Risbjerg Eskildsen https://www.cambridge.org/core/elements/things-of-the-past/D4362687425B550FA05B08353BC3B009 (PDF below.)

Plus a short video introduction by the author https://vimeo.com/1124824660

The monks of the Hōryūji Temple protested loudly. For over a thousand years, they had guarded the shrine in the octagonal Hall of Dreams. Hidden behind its walls was the Guze Kannon, a seventh-century bodhisattva. Entering would be sacrilege. Thunder and lightning, the monks warned, might strike intruders, or an earthquake destroy the temple. But the bearded American, Ernest Fenollosa, and his young Japanese companion, Okakura Kakuzō, nonetheless insisted. They worked for the Art Bureau of the Japanese Ministry of Education and were on a mission, exploring temples and shrines in the western region of Japan. The aim was to document and register historical artworks. Now, in the summer of 1884, they had reached the Hōryūji Temple. Over the monks’ protests, they made their way into the shrine …

2. We went to see the film Palestine 36 at the weekend, which was a sobering-depressing-shameful experience. Here’s The Conversation piece by Anne Irfan on the Palestinian Revolt of 1936-39 that the film tells the story of (with one eye on the present) https://theconversation.com/palestine-36-tells-a-forgotten-story-of-revolt-and-how-the-legacy-of-colonialism-endures-in-palestine-269052

And here’s the Wikipedia entry on Orde Wingate, the eccentric and brutal British Army officer who was largely responsible for the repression of the revolt https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orde_Wingate

3. Here’s another piece from The Conversation on a well-intentioned request for a vegan menu that misfired and came across as the opposite of cultural appropriation https://theconversation.com/earthshot-prizes-request-for-a-vegan-menu-for-prince-william-leaves-a-bitter-taste-in-the-amazon-268597

4. This year’s winner of The Booker Prize was announced yesterday: David Szalay, for his novel Flesh https://thebookerprizes.substack.com/p/flesh-by-david-szalay-wins-the-booker

The Booker website also has a monthly feature on a previously shortlisted book: this month’s was The Fishermen by Nigerian writer Chigozie Obioma . You’ll find an interview, an extract, a reading guide and a chance to win a copy of the book all here https://thebookerprizes.com/the-booker-library/features/monthly-spotlight-the-fishermen-by-chigozie-obioma

5. And, finally and musically, Raag Jog played by Kaviraj Singh (santoor) and Shahbaz Hussain (tabla) https://outu.be/BIz_7zAzViEof

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To NILE with Love: Stepping Stones in Trainer Development

Margit Szesztay and Uwe Pohl are organising an event from Budapest at 16:00 UK time tomorrow, Saturday 8th November, in celebration of NILE’s 30th anniversary, To NILE with Love: Stepping Stones in Trainer Development. Home made PDF attached and registration link here: https://bit.ly/NILE30Hungary

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Thursday, 6th November (Cambridge)

1. On Thursday next week, 13th November, at 15:00 UK time there’s an ECML webinar for teachers and teacher trainers at primary and secondary level on “Mediation in teaching, learning and assessment” which will present the achievements of the ECML project of the same name, a.k.a. METLA. More info and registration here https://www.ecml.at/en/Resources/Webinars

This webinar introduces participants to the concept of mediation and its role in language teaching, learning, and assessment in primary and secondary schools using practical examples of mediation tasks in various languages for both primary and secondary classrooms. Participants will explore the METLA databank and discover how it can support teachers in designing materials that foster and assess learners’ mediation skills. The session will provide concrete strategies for teachers to:

•            adapt tasks across languages, proficiency levels, and learner groups;

•            draw on learners’ heritage and home languages;

•            integrate pluricultural components into multilingual activities;

•            nurture intercultural understanding, openness, and respect for diversity;

•            assess mediation performance, with a focus on formative assessment approaches.

More information on the METLA project here https://www.ecml.at/en/ECML-Programme/Programme-2020-2023/Mediation-in-teaching-and-assessment

2. A day later next week, on Friday 14th November, between 12:00 and 15:30 UK time, TeachingEnglish is offering three webinars on Creative lesson planning:

How storytelling transforms learning with Claudia Tumba

Inspiring climate action through the arts with Zeny Zerfu

and a final session in which three teachers from around the world will share their own creative lessons. More info and registration here

https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/news-and-events/webinars/webinars-teachers/creative-lesson-planning-webinars

3. Timothy Cook was taken aback when his third-grade students at the American Community School in Amman – eight- or nine-year-olds – asked him if they could design an AI engine to help with their learning. Here’s his account on the Connected Classroom website of what they did, Teaching Students to Control AI https://connectedclassroom.org/perspectives/students-control-ai-not-use-it

4. Recognition of Morocco’s claim to the Western Sahara by the UN last week, another notch on President Trump’s ‘conflict resolution’ belt, did not attract a whole lot of attention. The latest post by Carne Ross on his blog, Western Sahara: betrayal of a people, a principle and of international law, makes it clear what he thinks https://carneross.substack.com/p/western-sahara-betrayal-of-a-people

The resolution is an abandonment of the Sahrawi people. It is also an abandonment of decades of international law. Of course, the poodles in chief, the Brits, voted for the resolution, complicit in the act of selling the Sahrawis down the river. Doubtless they’ve reasoned to themselves that this is a ‘sensible’ step forward, while keeping quiet about their abject sucking up to the Moroccans to stop refugees crossing the Mediterranean, sell military equipment etc.. Trump apparently sees it as an opportunity for him to ‘solve’ another conflict. This is also of course a symptom of the erosion of the world of rules that the UK and others pretend to stand for. At least Trump doesn’t pretend.

5. And, finally,  Big trouble in ‘Little Berlin’: the tiny hamlet split in two by the cold war, a piece for The Guardian by John Kampfner, tells the divided story of Mödlareuth, a tiny hamlet in south Germany https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2025/nov/03/big-trouble-in-little-berlin-the-tiny-hamlet-split-in-two-by-the-cold-war

A creek so shallow you barely got your ankles wet divided a community for more than four decades. By an accident of topography, the 50 inhabitants of Mödlareuth, a hamlet surrounded by pine forests, meadows and spectacular vistas, found themselves at the heart of the cold war. They had the misfortune to straddle Bavaria, in West Germany, and Thuringia in the East, a border that was demarcated first by a fence and then by a wall. American soldiers called it Little Berlin.

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Tuesday, 4th November (Richmond)

1. You get generous (and nonetheless slightly frustrating) extracts from the London Review of Books Novel Approaches podcast here https://www.lrb.co.uk/podcasts-and-videos/podcasts/close-readings/ Try the latest one on Robert Louis Stevenson’s ‘Kidnapped’ with Andrew O’Hagan, Tom Crewe and Clare Bucknell https://www.lrb.co.uk/podcasts-and-videos/podcasts/close-readings/novel-approaches-kidnapped-by-robert-louis-stevenson

2. This paper by Andy Green & Neil Kaye, The effects of system type and characteristics on skills inequalities during upper secondary education: a quasi-cohort analysis of OECD data, is quite technical but well worth a skim for what it has to say about in-built education system strengths and weaknesses https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02671522.2022.2150884#d1e167 The announcement here in the UK of the new ‘V’ Level exam has prompted people to revisit the paper, in particular to see to which of the four different systems the authors identify the new V Levels might belong:

Type 1 – mainly school-based systems with general academic and vocational provision in different types of institution, and apprenticeships delivered separately (e.g. Finland, France, Netherlands)

Type 2 – predominantly comprehensive school systems, with academic and vocational provision in the same institution (e.g. US, Canada)

Type 3 – relatively equal participation in school-based general education and employment-based ‘dual systems’ (e.g. Germany, Austria)

Type 4 – ‘mixed systems’ with many programmes of variable length and quality but with dominant academic tracks attracting the most qualified applicants (e.g. England, Ireland, Australia).

Types 1 and 3 perform much better and Types 2 and 4 much worse, the authors concluded.

Here’s an explanation of the new exam on the Department for Education’s Education Hub https://educationhub.blog.gov.uk/2025/10/new-v-levels-and-post-16-qualifications-explained/

and here’s a BBC piece about it https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/clyzjp5n5kro

3. Amol Rajan is everywhere nowadays on radio and TV. Here’s an episode of his podcast, Radical, with controversial head teacher Katharine Birbalsingh, British Identity: How Schools Can Improve Multiculturalism https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/m002k4ln

Headteacher Katharine Birbalsingh thinks multiculturalism in Britain has led to an excessive focus on our differences rather than what unites us, but she believes schools like hers can change that by teaching traditional values and British culture. Known for enforcing strict discipline at Michaela Community School in north London, Katharine explains why she promotes unity over diversity. She is also critical of those in power who ignore what she sees as the concerns of “white British people”, which she says breeds resentment towards minorities.

4. First of two from ELT Buzz – thank you! -a  trenchant guest essay from the New York Times by Anastasia Berg, Why Even Basic A.I. Use Is So Bad for Students https://tinyurl.com/336cr9b3

 Last spring, it became clear to me that over half the students in my large general education lecture course had used artificial intelligence tools, contrary to my explicit policy, to write their final take-home exams. (Ironically, the course was titled Contemporary Moral Problems: The Value of Human Life.) I had asked them about some very recent work in philosophy, parts of which happened to share   titles with entirely different ideas in medieval theology. You can guess which topics the students ended up “writing” about. My situation was hardly unique — rampant A.I. cheating has been reported all over the country. But I felt a dread I struggled to express until a colleague articulated the problem in stark terms: “Our students are about to turn subcognitive,” she said. That was it.

5. And, finally, unfairly, and eye-openingly (for most but not all of us), a video, also from ELT Buzz, We Found the Hidden Cost of Data Centers. It’s in Your Electric Bill https://youtu.be/YN6BEUA4jNU  I might be wrong, but I could imagine that the economics of power generation are much the same worldwide as they are in the USA.

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Thursday, 30th October (Cambridge)

1. ‘The more languages you know, the better you are’: learners’ pride in being multilingual and their motivation for language learning is a recent open-access Taylor & Francis article by Giulia Sulis & Sarah Mercer from Graz University and Astrid Mairitsch from Klagenfurt University https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01434632.2025.2576616

The role of positive emotions in language learning has received considerable attention in recent years. However, research in applied linguistics has predominantly focused on enjoyment, leaving other emotions, such as pride, largely unexplored. While research in general education has linked pride to motivation and achievement, its role in language learning remains unclear. This qualitative interview study addresses these gaps by exploring 31 students’ experiences of pride in relation to multilingualism and the relationship between pride and language learning motivation.

2. I don’t claim to even understand the titles of most of these open access Cambridge Core Language & Linguistics titles, but it’s fun browsing! https://tinyurl.com/nhz7j2u9

3. Is this the end of the road for Andrew Mountbatten Windsor? However devoutly that might be to be desired, I somehow doubt it. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/gift/58be80dcf6918581

4. Plus, taking full advantage (which feels especially good from a political perspective) of my Daily Telegraph subscription, here’s their 50 Greatest Albums of All Time, Ranked https://www.telegraph.co.uk/gift/7a5dfac0af602ef4 #43 should be further up the list!

5. And, finally and artistically, art critic Andrew Graham-Dixon’s website https://www.andrewgrahamdixon.com/index.html You need to register but once you’ve done so, you have access here to all Andrew’s Broadcasts https://www.andrewgrahamdixon.com/broadcast/members-videos.html

 I’m enjoying listening to his latest book, a biography of Vermeer, Vermeer: a life lost and found, on my way to and from Richmond at present. Here’s AGD’s ‘review’ of his own book from The Times https://www.thetimes.com/culture/art/article/the-hidden-meaning-of-vermeers-art-l6vlxt9vf

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Tuesday, 28th October (Richmond)

1. The big news this morning is that both the governing Labour party and the Prime Minister, Keir Starmer, have hit an all-time low in popularity. I’ve just re-subscribed to The Times (for £1 for three months) and here’s their take on the story, Labour at record poll low with Greens just one point behind https://www.thetimes.com/uk/politics/article/labour-election-poll-voting-intention-269v5xz7w and here’s The Daily Telegraph version of the same story, Farage would be better PM than Starmer, voters say for first time https://www.telegraph.co.uk/gift/63a97c9c5a2223b0 Ask your advanced classes to compare and contrast those two (and their choice of photo to illustrate their article) with each other and with The Guardian, who don’t seem to be running a story with quite the same focus but have a piece by Polly Toynbee seeking to put a positive spin on Starmer’s unpopularity, Yes, Keir Starmer is Britain’s most unpopular PM ever. That could liberate him? https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2025/oct/28/keir-starmer-britain-unpopular-prime-minister-reform

2. There’s an Andrew Marr piece on Starmer and Labour in this week’s New Statesman https://tinyurl.com/3ut9myjm which the NS have kindly made available as part of their sponsorship of next month’s Cambridge Literary Festival, Doom loop: My trust in Labour to get us out of this mess was misplaced. Britain has become ungovernable.

PDF below as well.

3. World Teachers’ Day completely escaped my attention this year, I’m ashamed to say! Here’s the recordings of the three-day British Council event earlier this month https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/world-teachers-day-2025

The programme included:

Cecilia Nobre talking about Rethinking professional development in a connected world https://www.youtube.com/live/sohokXiGV4Y?si=zS9SZDpafVBL0aky

Amol Padwad, Yiviri Rasifatu Tombir, Adrienn Szlapak & Kim Beadle discussing Multilingual approaches in the classroom https://www.youtube.com/live/glugi3xo-ac?si=6-Yr9okAbcVUx9bb

Christopher Graham talking about Making sustainability part of daily practice in ELT https://youtu.be/-4PZdLQ_YsI?si=MkpZv93TyLIkycdC

and lots more besides!

4. Very sad news last week: the Bell schools will cease trading at the end of this week https://bellenglish.com/ Hard to conceive that there won’t be any more Bell – they’ve been at the heart of ELT all my career.

5. And, finally and not at all decisively, a piece by James Hamblin for The Atlantic, The Scientific Case for Two Spaces After a Period about a new study which proves that half of people are correct. The other half is also correct https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2018/05/two-spaces-after-a-period/559304/ (You should be able to read this article as part of your monthly free articles allowance.)

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Wednesday, 22nd October (Cambridge)

A little early, this post, as I’m on grandpa duty tomorrow.

1. Tax the rich — and save the planet is the title of a TED talk back in the summer by Nobel Prize-winning economist Esther Duflo https://www.ted.com/talks/esther_duflo_tax_the_rich_and_save_the_planet

Nobel Prize-winning economist Esther Duflo brings her data-driven precision to the climate crisis — and the numbers are damning. While world leaders haggle over finances at endless summits, rising temperatures will kill millions in the poorest countries by the end of this century. She calculates the staggering cost of wealthy nations pumping greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, proving that getting billionaires to pay their fair share in taxes is the best way to cover these damages.

One can only hope …

2. Fear And Laughing in Riyadh is the title of a long and thoughtful piece by Helen Lewis on her recent visit to Saudi Arabia https://helenlewis.substack.com/p/fear-and-laughing-in-riyadh

There are quite clearly three cultures (and, effectively, legal regimes) running alongside each other in modern Saudi Arabia. One for citizens; one for tourists and expats; and one for migrant workers, who make up 40 percent of the population.

3. Here’s a National Archives feature, Olga Gray and the Woolwich Arsenal Spy Ring https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/explore-the-collection/stories/olga-gray-and-the-woolwich-arsenal-spy-ring/

On a cold January evening in 1938, a man hurried across London towards Charing Cross Station. Weaving through the commuters, he was here to pick up a package of British defence secrets from a rogue employee at the Woolwich Arsenal. The plan was simple. Take the records to the safe house, photograph them, and pass the copies on to the Soviets. But unknown to him, thanks to a remarkable female MI5 agent, Special Branch officers had been alerted about his rendezvous. He would not complete his task.

4. Charlotte Faucher has just published a report, UK Cultural Diplomacy in Europe 1989-2025: Lessons and Implications for Future UK Soft Power. Here’s the press release https://www.bristol.ac.uk/policybristol/policy-briefings/soft-power-uk/ and here’s the full report (PDF below as well) https://www.bristol.ac.uk/media-library/sites/policybristol/briefings-and-reports-pdfs/2025/Soft%20Power%20policy%20report.pdf

The report opens in 1989 with the Fall of the Berlin Wall and the collapse of the Eastern bloc at the end of the Cold War. It was a time of intense and varied activity for UK cultural diplomacy in Eastern and Central Europe which witnessed an explosion of demand for English language teaching, support for developing management and business skills, and an appetite for the arts. The UK was able to cater for this extraordinary need thanks to the FCO’s programme of technical assistance (the Know  How Fund), the creation of scholarships and additional funding bestowed by the government to organisations in charge of cultural relations such as the British Council. British cultural diplomacy was sustained in Eastern and Central Europe throughout the early 2000s as it supported many nations’ accessions to the European Union.

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5. And, finally, a ninety-year-old Cuban master drummer, Candido Camero, performs Conga Jam with a band of musicians a quarter his age https://youtu.be/H3_aygrb5-g

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